USB Installation-EN

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PoliArch on USB Flash memory

You can use any type of flash support from which your BIOS allows the boot, both a card reader or an USB port.

Process on Linux

dd

Warning: Be careful where you send the ISO image, the dd command writes on any device where is directed, also if is the hard drive (that could lead to a potential lost of data and/or filesystem damages).

Insert an empty flash device (is enough one > 1Gb), define the path (/dev/sdx), ensure that the partitions in the device are unmounted and write the image with the dd command:

# dd if=PoliArch-XX.YY-dual.iso of=/dev/sdx

where if= is the path of the image file (in the .iso format) and of= is the device file of the flash support.

Warning: Be sure to use /dev/sdx (entire device) and NOT /dev/sdx1 (one of its partitions). You need a flash memory device big enough to contain the image.

To check that the image has been correctly written on the flash device, note down the number or readed and written blocks, then run the following check:

# dd if=/dev/sdx count=<readed_blocks> status=noxfer | md5sum

The result should be the same of the one returned from the md5sum used on the downloaded CD image and both should be coherent with the one present in the md5sum file available on the distribution website.

Following there is an example of the procedure:

Write the .iso image on the device

[sudo] dd if=PoliArch-XX.YY-dual.iso of=/dev/sdx 744973+0 records in 744973+0 records out 381426176 bytes (381 MB) copied, 106.611 s, 3.6 MB/s Verifies the image integrity

[sudo] dd if=/dev/sdx count=744973 status=noxfer | md5sum 4850d533ddd343b80507543536258229 - 744973+0 records in 744973+0 records out

Process on Windows

Disk Imager

• Download Disk Imager from here.
• Insert the memory device.
• Start Disk Imager and select the image file (Disk Imager accepts by default only *.img files, ensure to select *.iso in the dialog window).
• Select the letter that corresponds to the flash drive.
• Click on 'Write'

Linux Live USB Creator

• Linux Live USB Creator can be used to make an USB device able to boot Arch using a manually downloaded iso file or downloading the wanted iso by itself. it supports also the automatic installation of VirtualBox on the USB drive that can be used to boot Arch inside Windows. See the LiLi home page for further information.

The USB universal installer

• L'Universal USB Installer is a program to create live usb supports that allows to burn more than one distributions one the same USB drive.

Flashnul Method

• flashnul is an utility that allows to check the state of USB flash memories (USB-Flash, IDE-Flash, SecureDigital, MMC, MemoryStick, SmartMedia, XD, CompactFlash etc).

From the console run flashnul with -p, to define the index of the USB device. For example you will have something similar to this:

C:\>flashnul -p

Avaible physical drives:
Avaible logical disks:
C:\
D:\
E:\

In this case the device is named E: Once you have detected the device, you can write the image, running the command flashnul followed by the device index, by -L and by the image path. In the previous case is:

C:\>flashnul E: -L percorso\file\poliarch.iso

When you are sure that you want to go on with the writing, type "yes", and wait for the end of the writing process. If there is an access denied error, close any opened Explorer window. If you use Vista or Win7, you must open the console as administrator, otherwise flashnul can not access the device and it's possible to write on the device only using the Windows disk manager.

Process on Mac OS X

dd

On a MAC system, if you want to use the dd command on the USB device, is needed to run some special operations. First you must insert the device, that is automatically mounted by the operating system, and run (in Terminal.app):

# diskutil list

After this you should detect how the USB device is named - for example /dev/disk1. (Simply use the `mount` or `sudo dmesg | tail` commands.)

Then run:

# diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk1

to unmount the partition on the device (for example, /dev/disk1s1) leaving intact the correct one (for example, /dev/disk1).

Then you can go on following the instructions for Linux above (but using bs=8192 if you use dd of OS X, this number is given by 1024*8).

dd if=image.iso of=/dev/disk1 bs=8192
20480+0 records in
20480+0 records out
167772160 bytes transferred in 220.016918 secs (762542 bytes/sec)

eject the device before the physical removal:

# diskutil eject /dev/disk1

PoliArch on USB Flash memory (with other contents)

Create a FAT16/32 partition

Remember its name (for example: /dev/sd[x]1).

# cfdisk /dev/sd[x]

• Sets the partition type to 0b (W95 FAT32).

Create a FAT16/32 filesystem

# mkfs.vfat /dev/sd[x]1

Mount the PoliArch ISO in a temporary directory

# mkdir -p /mnt/archcd
# mount -o loop /path/to/PoliArch-x-y.iso /mnt/archcd
# dosfslabel /dev/sd[x]1 POLIARCH (or: mlabel -i /dev/sd[x]1 ::POLIARCH)
# mkdir -p /mnt/usb/
# mount /dev/sd[x]1 /mnt/usb/
# cp -v -ra /mnt/archcd/* /mnt/usb/

Copy boot files

# cd /mnt/usb/
# cp -v isolinux/isolinux.cfg ./syslinux.cfg

Loader installation

It needs syslinux (pacman -Sy syslinux)

# cd ; umount /mnt/usb ; umount /mnt/archcd
# syslinux --install /dev/sd[x]1
# dd bs=440 conv=notrunc count=1 if=/usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin of=/dev/sd[x]
# parted /dev/sdx toggle 1 boot

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